Scientists at Texas A&M University have developed a laser technique that can directly measure quantum forces such as pi-pi stacking in proteins. The method called TRIP enables more precise prediction of drug efficacy. Initial tests on a key protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus confirmed its significance. The study was published in Science Advances.
TRIP technique captures molecular interactions in real time
Researchers led by Narangerel Altangerel have succeeded in using the Thermostable Raman Interaction Profiling (TRIP) technique to measure hidden quantum forces that determine protein structure. The method uses lasers to record vibrational signals from molecules. Measurements on the main protease Mpro of the coronavirus showed changes in the binding of antiviral agents.
The results correlated with the known efficacy of the tested drugs. The technique could accelerate drug development.
Background
Pi-pi stacking are weak quantum interactions between aromatic rings in molecules. They play a central role in protein folding, DNA structure, and the mode of action of many drugs. Previous methods such as X-ray crystallography provided only indirect evidence. TRIP captures these forces via characteristic vibrational shifts, such as the "benzene ring breathing frequency" of the amino acid phenylalanine.
Significance for drug development
The technique allows direct assessment of how well drugs bind to proteins. This could help with cancer, Alzheimer's, and infectious diseases by evaluating candidates early on. TRIP is non-invasive and works in biological systems.
Voices from the project
"For the first time, we can directly measure molecular forces at their most fundamental level," said Narangerel Altangerel, Assistant Research Scientist at Texas A&M University. "We can use these measurements as a predictive tool for drug development."
"Our technique is non-invasive and can accelerate the testing and pre-selection of drugs, with the goal of improving human health," added Philip Hemmer, Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering.
Next steps
The researchers have filed a US patent for the invention. Further work aims to develop the method into a standard protocol for pharmaceutical research. The study was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, the National Institutes of Health, Google, and the Army Research Laboratory.
FAQ
What is the new technique about?
TRIP is a laser-based Raman method that directly measures quantum forces such as pi-pi stacking in proteins.
Why is the development relevant?
It enables more accurate prediction of drug binding and efficacy, and could accelerate the development of new therapies.
On which model was the technique tested?
On the main protease Mpro of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Who is involved?
Researchers from Texas A&M University, including Narangerel Altangerel and Philip Hemmer.
What are the next steps planned?
Further development into a standard method in drug discovery and application to other disease areas.
