The development and use of RNA interference (RNAi) in genetically modified plants has increased significantly in recent years. This technology enables the targeted silencing of genes, which is used both for improving plant characteristics and for protection against pests and diseases. However, despite the potential benefits, this technology carries numerous risks that must be critically examined, particularly with regard to food safety and the impact on the environment and health. The following analyzes exclusively the risks of mRNAi-based genetically modified products, based on peer-reviewed studies. 1. Unintended effects due to off-target effects A significant risk of RNAi technology lies in so-called off-target effects. These are unintended interactions of the synthesized dsRNA with genes other than the target genes. Such effects can cause unexpected and potentially harmful phenotypes, both in the plant itself and in organisms that interact with these plants…