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NVIDIA Generative AI:  Drug Discovery and Design

NVIDIA BioNeMo, which is fueling the computer-aided drug discovery ecosystem, now features more than a dozen generative AI models and cloud services. In perhaps the healthcare industry’s most dramatic transformation since the advent of computing, digital biology and generative AI are helping to reinvent drug discovery, surgery, medical imaging and wearable devices. NVIDIA Generative AI Is Opening the Next Era of Drug Discovery and DesignNVIDIA BioNeMo, which is fueling the computer-aided drug discovery ecosystem, now features more than a dozen generative AI models and cloud services.January 8, 2024 by Kimberly Powell Share  In perhaps the healthcare industry’s most dramatic transformation since the advent of computing, digital biology and generative AI are helping to reinvent drug discovery, surgery, medical imaging and wearable devices. NVIDIA has been preparing for this moment for over a decade, building deep domain expertise, creating the NVIDIA… 

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Ransomware-Angriff eines Anbieters legt Patientendaten in einem Krankenhaus in Tennessee offen

Die Informationen von Regional One Health mit Sitz in Memphis, Tennessee, in den Bereichen Geburtshilfe und Gynäkologie könnten durch einen Ransomware-Angriff auf den Technologieanbieter KMJ Health Solutions kompromittiert worden sein. Am 18. Januar teilte KMJ dem University of Tennessee Health Science Center, das Bewohner von Regional One versorgt, mit, dass sein Hosting-Anbieter Liquid Web Anzeichen […] Ransomware-Angriff eines Anbieters legt Patientendaten in einem Krankenhaus in Tennessee offen

CRISPR-based diagnostics detecting oral pathogens

The study, by Batbileg Bor of the ADA Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA, tailored the novel CRISPR-Cas-based diagnostic platform Specific High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter Unlocking (SHERLOCK) for the species-specific detection of oral bacterial pathogens and human papillomavirus (HPV) nucleic acids. The investigators developed a computational pipeline capable of generating guide-RNAs and species-specific gene primers suitable for SHERLOCK. These constructs were synthesized by cell-free biosynthesis systems, and their specificity and sensitivity were experimentally validated by fluorescence readings of reporter RNAs. The study achieved the detection of oral bacteria within the single-molecule range that remained specific in the presence of off-target DNA found within saliva. Furthermore, the assay was refined for detecting common oral pathogens (e.g., P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum) directly from unprocessed saliva samples. The results of the detection, when tested on 30 patient saliva samples, fully aligned with those of other… 

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Early leukemia diagnostics breakthrough

A research team from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences have demonstrated a unique configuration of a system based on optical tweezers – which enables long-distance manipulation of various particles and cells in lab-on-the-chip devices – to enable fast and effective diagnosis and treatment of many serious diseases. The volume of the information microfluidics can unlock, combined with its speed, accuracy and specificity can become the difference between life and death in diagnosing deadly diseases such as cancer. This possibility of early-stage diagnosis of blood cancer – better known as leukemia – was the motivation of the Polish team in building an innovative microfluidics-based diagnostic device. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/lc/d3lc00733b

Klimawandel befeuert Ausbreitung von Infektionskrankheiten

Ein jetzt in JAMA veröffentlichter Artikel schlägt Alarm hinsichtlich der Entstehung und Ausbreitung schädlicher Krankheitserreger. Die Autoren fordern die medizinische Gemeinschaft außerdem auf, ihre Aus- und Weiterbildung zu aktualisieren und Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung der globalen Erwärmung zu ergreifen. Infektionskrankheiten können durch Viren, Bakterien, Pilze oder Parasiten verursacht werden. Viele dieser Krankheiten werden von Tier zu Mensch oder von Mensch zu Mensch übertragen. Eine Art von Infektionskrankheiten sind durch Vektoren übertragene Krankheiten . Sie werden durch Krankheitserreger verursacht, die von Vektoren wie Mücken, Flöhen und Zecken übertragen werden. Einige durch Vektoren verursachte Krankheiten sind Denguefieber , Malaria und Zika . Die Studie wies auch auf das Auftreten neuer Pilzinfektionen wie Candida auris (C. auris) und Veränderungen im Standort einiger Pilzpathogene hin . Beispielsweise war die Pilzinfektion Coccidioides (auch als Valley-Fieber bekannt ) in heißen, trockenen Gebieten in Kalifornien und Arizona endemisch.… 

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Rucaparib extends progression-free survival for uterine cancer patients

The results of a multisite clinical trial overseen by University of Colorado Cancer Center member Bradley Corr, MD, could offer new hope to patients with metastatic and recurrent uterine cancer, also known as endometrial cancer. The study, which was presented at the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists annual meeting this week, collected results from 79 patients at four U.S. sites over several years, shows that the oral drug rucaparib, part of a class of drugs known as PARP inhibitors, extends progression-free survival for an average of 19 months longer than surveillance alone. Surveillance is the current standard of care for uterine cancer patients who have completed the chemotherapy portion of their treatment. https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.TPS5626

ARPA-H appoints Etta Pisano to lead its Advancing Clinical Trials Readiness Initiative

The Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health (ARPA-H) has appointed Etta D. Pisano, MD, FACR, senior portfolio lead, to build the agency’s clinical trial portfolio and lead the ARPA-H Advancing Clinical Trials Readiness Initiative under ARPA-H Resilient Systems Mission Office Director Jennifer Roberts. The first radiologist to be appointed to such a role, Dr. Pisano is an internationally recognized expert in women’s health, breast cancer research, and the use of artificial intelligence in medical imaging applications. Dr. Pisano will continue to serve as study chair of the large-scale Tomosynthesis Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (TMIST) for the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group (ECOG-ACRIN). TMIST is led by ECOG-ACRIN with funding from the National Cancer Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health. She will also continue to serve as the American College of Radiology® (ACR®) Chief Research Officer (CRO). Dr. Pisano previously… 

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Deep-Learning-Modell zur Vorhersage von Brustkrebs

Forscher haben ein neues, interpretierbares Modell der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) entwickelt, um das 5-Jahres-Brustkrebsrisiko anhand von Mammographien vorherzusagen. Dies geht aus einer neuen Studie hervor, die heute in Radiology , einer Zeitschrift der Radiological Society of North America, veröffentlicht wurde ( RSNA ). Nach Angaben der American Cancer Society erkrankt eine von acht Frauen oder etwa 13 % der weiblichen Bevölkerung in den USA im Laufe ihres Lebens an invasivem Brustkrebs und eine von 39 Frauen (3 %) wird an dieser Krankheit sterben. Für viele Frauen ist die Brustkrebsvorsorge mittels Mammographie die beste Möglichkeit, Brustkrebs frühzeitig zu erkennen, wenn die Behandlung am effektivsten ist. Regelmäßige Mammographien können das Risiko, an Brustkrebs zu sterben, deutlich senken. Es bleibt jedoch unklar, wie sich allein durch das Screening genau vorhersagen lässt, welche Frauen Brustkrebs entwickeln werden. https://pubs.rsna.org/journal/radiology

MRI and lumbar puncture not necessarily required to manage CAR T-cell therapy complications

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lumbar puncture (LP) may not always be necessary for diagnosing and managing a serious neurological complication associated with CAR T-cell therapy, according to a new Blood Advances study. Findings further validated the use of the electroencephalogram (EEG) – a noninvasive test measuring electrical activity in the brain – in managing this neurotoxicity. Authors sought to evaluate the necessity of three diagnostic tests used to manage care for recipients of CAR T-cell therapy experiencing immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). While ICANS’ underlying mechanisms are not entirely understood, patients with ICANS may experience a range of neurological symptoms, including confusion, tremors, seizures, and, in rare cases, serious brain swelling and comas.

AI-based app can help physicians find skin melanoma

A mobile app that uses artificial intelligence, AI, to analyse images of suspected skin lesions can diagnose melanoma with very high precision. This is shown in a study led from Linköping University in Sweden where the app has been tested in primary care. The results have been published in the British Journal of Dermatology. https://academic.oup.com/bjd/advance-article/doi/10.1093/bjd/ljae021/7564904?login=false